Catalysis by enzymes entrapped into hydrated surfactant aggregates having lamellar or cylindrical (hexagonal) or ball-shaped (cubic) structure in organic solvents

Boomerang shaped aggregates from a histidine surfactant

Protein catalysis in organic solvents: structural aspects

Catalysis in organic solvents and the mapping of protein surfaces using multiple solvent crystal structures are two rapidly developing areas of research. Recent advances include the study of protein folding and stability in different solvents, and the demonstration that it is possible to qualitatively rank the affinities of protein binding sites for a given organic solvent using the multiple so...

rormauon or macroscopic organic aggregates \ laKe

Macroscopic organic aggregates (lake snow) were collected and their abundance quantified by scuba divers at a distinct pelagic site in Lake Constance (Germany) at least twice a week throughout the growing season in 1993. Furthermore, concentrations of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), chlorophyll, particulate organic carbon (POC), and the species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankt...

CdS MINERALIZATION OF HEXAGONAL, LAMELLAR, AND CUBIC LYOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALS

Growth of CdS was studied in three different liquid crystalline phases demonstrating the versatility of liquid crystal templating of inorganic solids. Semiconductor growth in a hexagonal liquid crystal yielded a nanostructure with hexagonal symmetry, a lamellar liquid crystal yielded a lamellar nanostructure, and a cubic liquid crystal (consisting of spherical micelles) yielded a hollow, spheri...

Surprising acidity of hydrated lithium cations in organic solvents.

Lithium cations are shown to have a significant role in catalyzing oxygen and proton reduction along with S(N)1 reactions in biphasic systems. We propose that this catalytic effect is due to the surprising acidity of the hydrated cations; interactions between the cation and its surrounding solvation shell will make the constituent water molecules more acidic.